Celery cultivation techniques and pest control

It is one of the most popular vegetables in China and has strong adaptability. China's celery varieties are mainly white celery, green celery and celery. The cultivation technology of celery and the control of pests and diseases can provide a guarantee for the healthy development of the vegetable market in China.

1 Analysis of celery cultivation technology

Celery is highly adaptable, especially in a humid subtropical climate. It likes cold environments and is a semi-hardy plant. Celery can adapt to a wide range of temperatures, and can withstand short-term low temperature temperatures. Its seeds have a germination temperature of 4 ° C, an average adaptation temperature of 15-20 ° C, and the seeds germinate slowly below 15 ° C. The seeds are basically not at 30 ° C Will sprout. The initial stage of celery growth can be low -5 ~ -7 ℃. Celery is a plant that grows in spring. It can be vernalized at 12 ~ 13 ℃, and the time period is 10 ~ 30d.

Because the seeds of celery are small, the ability to support the soil is weak, and the growth is full, so in terms of soil selection, you should choose soil that is soft and fertile, with moderate water and flat terrain. Secondly, seeds can grow quickly under good light conditions. Celery grows slowly at the seedling stage and has a long growth cycle. The seedling stage * is fragile and vulnerable to Cordyceps. At this stage, attention should be paid to strengthening management.

The average adaptive temperature of celery is 15-20 ° C. Autumn celery is generally selected for planting in June and August. According to the different conditions in each area, there are some differences. You should pay attention to arranging the celery growth * vigorous period at the growth * suitable period, so that it can create a good environment for celery growth and promote celery growth. The cultivation of autumn celery should create a low-temperature, humid and cold growth environment as far as possible, to avoid water shortage and drought, excessive water and too long. Attention should be paid to watering the buds so that the top soil of the buds is exposed. When the young shoots are exposed, spray water once more to ensure the seedling emergence rate. After that, you can watch the growth of the seedlings, the soil and the climate, and then water the water. The amount of water should not be too much, so as to avoid excessive length and disease. Due to the hot and humid summer, celery is prone to dead seedlings. Therefore, sufficient space should be provided for seedlings to grow, and the seedling distance should be large to prevent crowding and cause seedlings to rot. The planting of celery should be selected in cloudy and low-temperature weather. When the seedlings are set up, the main roots should be 4 to 6 cm. It is advisable to bury the roots and stems of celery when seedlings are planted. Cover the soil and compact and slowly water.

2 Field management of celery

2.1 Watering

Celery naturally likes cold, cold and humid environments. The early growth of autumn celery mostly occurs in high-temperature summer weather. Watering should be increased, but the amount of watering should not be too large. After squatting seedlings, the water supply should be controlled for squatting seedlings in a short period of time. The length of the squatting time depends on the growth of the seedlings, the soil conditions and the climate. After squatting seedlings, water should be provided in time. As the temperature gradually decreases, the frequency of watering should be reduced.

2.2 Topdressing

Celery should be planted mainly with shallow roots, and the density of planting should be large. In addition to the basic fertilizer that should be supplied, additional fertilizer should be given appropriately during the growing season. This method can guarantee the high quality and high yield of celery. The fertilizers available for top dressing are mainly nitrogen, supplemented by phosphate and potassium.

2.3 Soil softening

After this, celery can reach the edible state. At this time, celery is delicious in color, tender and crisp, and has high quality *. After the celery grows to about 30cm in the late autumn, you can start soil cultivation in stages. You cannot water the soil during the cultivation. The cultivation should be carried out on a sunny day. Care should be taken to avoid celery damage and rot.

3 Pest and disease control

3.1 Celery leaf spot

Control method: choose varieties with high disease resistance in selecting varieties, take seeds from good plants; soak in hot water at 48 ℃ for 30min; implement rotation crops, arrange crops reasonably, rotation period should be 2a; control well Planting density, reasonable irrigation, to avoid too much or too little water; when disease occurs, can be sprayed with carbendazim or methylthiocarbam, and can be used together with the killing. To protect the environment, you can also choose chlorothalonil dust or chlorothalonil.

3.2 Celery false black spot

Control method: The rotation method is adopted, and the rotation period is extended to 3a. When choosing a planting base, you should be cautious and adapt to local conditions. Choose high-growing plants and give plantar fertilizer before planting to ensure the nutrition of celery seedlings. In the selection of varieties, seeds with strong disease resistance are preferred. When planting, you should choose the climate and environmental period. Note that the amount of watering should not be too small. During the onset of disease, the 5% chlorothalonil dust can be sprayed in the early stage of the disease by using the dust method. Spray 50% dilute hydrazine wettable powder solution, 75% chlorothalons wettable powder diluted solution, or 85% metalaxyl · manganese zinc wettable powder diluted solution before spraying. % Prohain wettable powder is formulated as a diluted solution.

3.3 Celery sclerotinia

Control method: Rotation method with a rotation period of 3a is adopted; seeds collected from healthy plants should be washed and dried after disinfection and sterilization, or dried by soaking in brine. At the beginning of the onset, spray 50% clon or 50% prothane or 50% nonaspirin wettable powder diluted solution.

4 Conclusion

The cultivation and planting of celery is not complicated but not simple. The growth of celery is affected by various factors. The cultivation of celery and the control of diseases and insect pests must be scientific and standardized. It is necessary to combine multiple planting methods and pest control. Only to ensure the healthy growth of celery, and to ensure the timely supply of people's needs.

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