Japanese researchers found that compared with ordinary rice, a rice shoot upright has more grain. They reported on this non-transgenic method of rice breeding in Nature-Biotechnology, published in January 2006, which promises to produce rice varieties with higher yields in densely planted environments. By scanning a group of rice varieties whose genes were randomly knocked out, Tomoaki Sakamoto and colleagues identified upright rice varieties. In this upright rice, a gene responsible for the production of growth-related plant steroids has been mutated. For a long time, scientists have been skeptical that upright leaves have brought plants closer to the soil to absorb more light and thus promote the growth of the plants. They have tried to knock out these genes, but they have prevented the growth of plants and they have developed Strange shaped grains. Knocking out the newly identified genes such as Sakamoto did not allow these plants to have these obvious side effects, while at the same time making the leaves more upright and absorbing more nutrients, thereby increasing grain yield. The new method allows rice to increase its yield even in the absence of fertilizer, so it can also be used to cultivate new varieties of rice to avoid the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment.
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