Scientists found that tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells promote skin melanoma immune balance
January 21, 2019 Source: Ministry of Science and Technology
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];On December 31, 2018, researchers from the University of Melbourne and the University of Western Australia published an article entitled "Tissue-resident memory CD8+T cells promote melanoma–immune equilibrium in skin" on Nature, and found that the organization was resident in memory. CD8+ T cells promote the immune balance of skin melanoma and are expected to provide new targets for the development of future anti-cancer immunotherapy.
The immune system can inhibit tumor progression by clearing tumor cells or preventing the growth and spread of tumor cells. Both clinical and experimental data suggest that the latter control model, the "cancer immune balance", can be maintained for long periods of time and may even last for decades. Although cancer usually originates from the epithelial cell layer, the nature and spatiotemporal dynamics of the immune response that maintains the immune balance of cancer is unclear. In the present study, researchers found in tissue melanoma-transplanted mouse models that tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM cells) promote long-lasting melanoma immune balance confined to the epidermal layer of the skin. About 40% of mice transplanted with melanoma cells had no visible skin lesions for a long time after extracutaneous inoculation. The production of tumor-specific epidermal CD69+ CD103+ TRM cells is associated with this spontaneous disease regulation. In contrast, mice lacking TRM cells are more susceptible to tumors. Although the mice did not find tumors as a whole, the skin epidermis often contained melanoma cells after a long period of inoculation. In vivo imaging of mice showed that these cells were dynamically monitored by TRM cells. Consistent with the role of immunosurveillance in melanoma, tumor-specific TRM cells produced prior to melanoma vaccination are able to significantly inhibit tumor progression independently of circulating T cells. Finally, depletion of TRM cells resulted in approximately 20% of mice with recessive melanoma developing tumors, suggesting that TRM cells can actively inhibit the development of cancer. This study demonstrates that TRM cells play an important role in the immune surveillance of skin subclinical melanoma by maintaining a "cancer immune balance."
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