One, finishing the root system
After the fruit trees were dug out of the nursery, the root system had been damaged. To reduce the area of ​​injuries, it was necessary to sort out. Use scissors to remove some of the main roots. The large lateral roots are cut flat from the wound. Do not cut them obliquely. The wounds are easy to recover.
Second, finishing branches and leaves
After the excavation of roots, it is impossible to absorb enough water from the soil to evaporate the shoots on the ground, cut off 2/3 branches, and reduce the amount of transpiration, thus increasing the survival rate.
Third, timely planting
Planting in the spring should be carried out before and after seedling sprouting. Early or late planting is not conducive to seedling survival. Due to different tree species characteristics, planting time should be different, peach, apricot, plum and other trees should be early, jujube trees, etc. should be late.
Fourth, choose high quality nursery stock
The quality of seedlings is one of the important factors affecting the survival rate of fruit trees. The seedlings with high technical standards should be selected as far as possible, such as no pests and diseases, robust growth, developed roots, and short internodes. Before planting, we must carefully select the seedlings, remove the unqualified weak seedlings, leggy seedlings, wounded seedlings, etc. and carry out seedling tree finishing.
V. Colonization technology
One is to apply basic fertilizer. Apply 1 kilogram of seaweed fertilizer, 2 kilograms of bacterial fertilizer, and 0.2 kilograms of bio-organic bacteria in each planting hole. The second is the nutrient solution dipping root. Before transplanting, roots were immersed in a nutrient solution prepared with 15 ml of roots, 25 ml of water, and 10 liters of water. The roots were healed for 30 minutes to promote the healing of root wounds, accelerate the restoration of root growth, and increase the survival rate. The third is to release the interface film. If the grafting film is not lifted, the lower part of the grafting interface and the upper part will grow bold, while the growth of the grafting interface will not be synchronized, and it will be easy to break off from the grafted interface when the wind blows. The fourth is to flatten the root system. Seedlings are planted into a planting hole to flatten the root system and allow the root system to stretch to ensure that the root system grows normally. The fifth is to splash water. Put the seedlings into the planting hole, cover with a thin layer of fine soil, and pour the water into the ampoules so that the roots and soils are tightly connected and cover with a layer of soil. The sixth is to pay attention to marrying the interface. Persimmon fruit trees should be exposed when they are planted, and fruit trees such as plum, peach and chestnut should not be exposed to the joints in order to grow normally. Seven is covered by a tree plate. After planting, cover the top soil of the tree shrews with rice straw, thatch, crop straw or pig cow dung to maintain soil moisture, which is conducive to the restoration of fruit trees.
Six, cover film
After the fruit trees are planted, the surrounding pods are made into shallow pans with the center of the planting seedlings as the center, and covered with 80-100 square mulches. Can effectively increase the temperature, drought protection, promote bud early growth.
Seven, fertilizer and water management
The first and second days after the fruit trees are planted, the water and fertilizer are poured one by one, which is the key to restore the root growth. Ten days after colonization, the root callus began to recover. At this time, 15 mL of roots, 15 ml of good quality, 0.25 kg of high-nitrogen fertilization, and 50 liters of water were mixed at the time. One liter of water was applied to each root to increase the root system. Vitality, shorten the seedling period; 20 days after planting, according to the high N fertilization 0.25 kilograms, 3% of a lotion mouth 23 grams of hymexazol, 50 liters of water in the proportion of liquid, each dripping water 1 liter, can promote new shoots Robust and vigorous. Until August, 0.3% high-nitrogen fertilization was applied once a month, and the survival rate of seedlings was 95%.
Eight, dry
According to the cultivation requirements, 35 full shoots should be cut at a fixed height, cutting requires smooth, no clefts, and sealing agent or wrap film to prevent dehydration. In areas with frequent high winds in the spring, supportive pillars should be established to prevent the tree from destabilizing.
Nine, post-plant management
According to the management principle of “previous promotion and post-controlâ€, the newly planted seedlings should be timely irrigated according to the growth status of fruit trees and soil moisture, and timely topdressing. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases during the seedling period. As far as possible, create a good environmental condition for the growth of fruit tree seedlings.
Food additives refer to chemical synthetic or natural substances added to food for the purpose of improving food quality, color, aroma and taste, as well as for the needs of anti-corrosion and processing technology. Generally, food additives may not be food and may not have nutritional value, but they must conform to the concept of the above definition, that is, do not affect the nutritional value of food, and have the function of preventing food spoilage, enhancing food sensory properties or improving food quality.
Generally speaking, food additives can be divided into natural and synthetic categories according to their source. Natural food additives refer to natural substances extracted from the metabolites of animals, plants or microorganisms as raw materials. Chemically synthesized food additives refer to substances obtained by chemical means through oxidation, reduction, condensation, polymerization, salt formation and other synthetic reactions of elements or compounds. Most of the chemicals used today are synthetic food additives.
According to the use, the classification of food additives in various countries is almost the same, the difference is mainly the difference in the classification of how much. The United States divides food additives into 16 categories, Japan into 30 categories, China's "Health Standards for the Use of Food Additives" divides them into 22 categories: Antioxidant preservatives (1) (2) (3) (4) bleach hair color agent (5) concreting citric acid (6) (7) loose agent (8) thickening agent defoaming agent (9) (10) sweetener (11) colorants emulsifier (12) (13) improver (14) anticaking agent (15) flavor enhancer (16) (17) of enzyme preparation was preparing foaming agent (18) (19) preservatives (20) spices (21) nutritional fortifier (22) other additives.
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