It is now in the winter season, the temperature is getting lower and lower, and the time of illumination in the north is also shorter. This makes the growers of greenhouse vegetables very headaches. Why, because of the lack of light, it has become the production of winter and spring protection. Major disaster weather.
Relevant research shows that most parts of northern China are affected by the climate. Every winter and spring, there will be low-temperature oligos of 1 to 3 days, and more than 7 to 8 days. According to statistics from the Beijing area in the past 50 years, the probability of such long-term illuminating weather is about 20%, 40% in the past 10 years, and 2 times in the past 3 years, more than 60%. This means that the winter and spring stagnation disasters are becoming more and more serious, and it has become a major disaster weather in the winter and spring protection areas.
Popularization of knowledge: Under the environment of low light and high humidity, the photosynthesis of vegetables is weak, the consumption of respiration is high, the accumulation of nutrients is small, and the resistance to stress is reduced, which will inevitably lead to a series of adverse symptoms in the vegetables in the shed, not only the infective diseases, but also the falling flowers. Physiological problems such as fruit drop and yellow leaves are also very likely to occur.
The division of the degree of illicit disasters can be divided into 3 levels according to the summary of research and production practices.
1. Light: no sunshine for 3 consecutive days; or 3 days without sunshine for 4 days, when cucumber, tomato, pepper and other diseases, downy mildew began to appear.
2. Medium: no sunshine for 4 to 7 consecutive days; or sunshine hours <3 hours for more than 7 consecutive days; or 2 light oligograms in January, when cucumber, tomato, pepper and other diseases generally occur, but It can be controlled by measures such as chemical control.
3. Heavy: continuous cloudy day ≥ 8 days; or sunshine hours < 3 hours for more than 10 consecutive days; or 2 intermediate illuminating in 1 month, when the disease is difficult to control, most of the reduction in production, and continue to develop.
The demand for light for different crops
★ Grapes: The best sunshine is 12 to 16 hours. The plants are strong, the leaves are dark green, shiny, full of germination, good fruit coloration, and high yield.
★ Strawberry: The best sunshine is 8 to 9 hours. Effectively promote growth, flowering results, uniform fruit size, good coloration, no deformed fruit.
★ Melon: The best sunshine is 12 to 15 hours. The plants are robust, the leaves are dark green and lustrous, the germination is sufficient, the fruit is well colored, the growth cycle is shortened, and the yield is high.
★ Tomatoes: The best sunshine is 12 to 13 hours. Effectively promote plant photosynthesis and flower bud differentiation, prevent deformed fruit, effectively promote early maturity, promote the morning market, improve taste and improve income.
★ Eggplant: The best sunshine is 11 to 14 hours. Promote plant growth and germination, advance flowering period, increase yield, shorten growth cycle and improve economic benefits.
★ Cucumber: The best sunshine is 13 to 14 hours. Promote plant growth, advance flowering period, effectively prevent wilting, deformed fruit, disease, etc., increase yield, shorten growth cycle and improve economic benefits.
★ Xiqiao: The best sunshine is 13 to 14 hours. Promote plant growth, advance flowering period, effectively prevent wilting, disease, etc., increase yield, shorten growth cycle, and improve economic benefits.
Solution: Keep the shed film clean and increase the amount of light transmission. Strengthen the management of greenhouse coverings, and make photosynthesis of plants through the timely exposure and timely cover, making full use of the scattered light of the cloudy sky. If necessary, it is also possible to use three 40-watt fluorescent lamps together, hanging at 45 cm from the seedlings, or hanging with a 100-watt high-pressure mercury lamp at a distance of 80 cm from the seedling for artificial light filling.
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