The jujube tree fruit drop phenomenon in July is very serious. If the management is not good, the fruit drop amount will even reach more than 80% of the total, seriously affecting the economic benefits of jujube production.
The main reasons for the drop are:
Tree malnutrition The growth of the branches and leaves of jujube trees is synchronized with flower bud differentiation, flowering, and fruiting. The vegetative growth and reproductive growth compete with each other, and it easily leads to a large number of flowering and fruit drop.
This is the most important cause of fruit drop in the jujube tree. In case of drought or long drought and heavy rain, it may easily lead to a large amplitude of soil moisture and make the tree water imbalance, resulting in a large number of fruit drop.
Insufficient Organic Nutrients Jujube in the growing season results in too many trimmings, excessive pruning, excess fertilizer and water in the bud, causing shooters and fruit to compete for nutrients; early defoliation, poor soil, lack of fertilizer and water, excessive results in the previous year, and long branches and leaves, resulting in The lack of organic nutrients in the trees and branches resulted in a large number of fruit drop.
Diseases and insects damage Jiaoye disease, date rust disease and the occurrence of large numbers of Japanese turtle, waxy oyster, jujube and red spider, caused early defoliation, affecting nutrient manufacture and accumulation, and causing fruit shedding.
The measures for reducing fruit drop mainly include:
Strengthen the management of fertilizers and waters The most critical issue in July is to top-up fruiting fertilizers, preferably nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, which can be applied to soil or leaves. Saplings were dominated by nitrogen fertilizer, and the mixing ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 1:0.5:0.6. During the fruit period, the jujube yield is high, and the amount of fertilizer required is large. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:2:2. At the same time, irrigation is performed to promote the development of jujube fruit.
Picking the heart of the year to pick the heart is also a measure to increase the rate of fruit set. Jujube has new branches before and after germination, and the general picking time is 3 times in early June, late June and mid-July. It can reduce nutrient consumption and lay a foundation for increasing production in the following year. The picking strength is preferably 2 to 3 secondary branches, generally not more than 4.
Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases The main diseases of jujube trees include jujube and charred leaves, jujube rust, jujube anthracnose, and jujube fruit shrinkage. The main pests include jujube, edible jujube, jujube, mosquito, jujube, red spider, Juvenile armyworm and Peach heartworm. In early July, sprayed with Bordeaux to control jujube rust; from July to mid-July, sprayed once or twice in succession with bactericides such as bacterin, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and other fungicides; every 10 days after August to 15 Spraying the dates and the nemesis once a day can effectively prevent and cure anthrax and fruit shrinkage.
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