A condensing tube is a laboratory device used to promote condensation, usually consisting of two glass tubes, one inside and one outside, with the smaller glass tube running through the larger glass tube. It is a glass instrument that uses a heat exchange principle to cool and condense a condensable gas into a liquid. There are three kinds of straight, spherical and serpentine. The specifications are expressed in length (mm) and there are 150~350 kinds.
The inner tube of the condensing tube has a mouth at both ends, which can be connected to other equipment of the experimental device, so that a hotter gas or liquid flows through the inner tube to condense. The outer tube usually has an upper opening on both sides to connect the plastic tube carrying the cooling substance (such as water). When in use, the lower opening of the outer tube is usually connected to the faucet, because the water will automatically flow upward in the condensation tube to achieve a greater cooling effect.
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Applicable to scientific research, colleges, petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical industry, medical and health, primary and secondary school laboratories, for distillation, fractionation or reflux equipment, when used in combination with distillation flasks and curved joints, condensing vapor and condensate The effect of the drop. When the condenser tube is selected, generally, the lower the boiling point of the distillate, the less the vapor is difficult to cool. Therefore, the condenser tube needs to be long and the inner diameter should be thick. On the contrary, the higher the boiling point, the easier the vapor is to be cooled. Therefore, the shorter and finer the condensation tube is. On the other hand, there are many distillates, the flask has a large capacity, and the heated surface also increases. The more steam is discharged in the same unit time, the more the length of the condenser is used.
Spherical condenser : The inner tube consists of connected spheres (several glass spheres are connected, the spherical part is the mechanism of the abrasive tool, which acts as both effective cooling), and is used for the reflow of organic preparation. It is suitable for scientific research, universities and colleges. The laboratories of petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, medical and health, and primary and secondary schools, for distillation, fractionation or reflux, function as condensation vapor and agglomerated droplets when used in combination with distillation flasks and curved joints. When the condenser tube is selected, generally, the lower the boiling point of the distillate, the less the vapor is difficult to cool. Therefore, the condenser tube needs to be long and the inner diameter should be thick. On the contrary, the higher the boiling point, the easier the vapor is to be cooled. Therefore, the shorter and finer the condensation tube is. On the other hand, there are many distillates, the flask has a large capacity, and the hot surface also increases. The more steam is discharged in the same unit time, the more the length of the condenser is used.
Straight condensing tube It is Liebig's design. It uses an air condensing pipe as the inner core, and a thick outer casing (water-cooled pipe) is welded on the outside. A small nozzle is welded to both ends of the outer casing. Connect the inlet and outlet of the condensate (the lower mouth is used to connect the cooling water source, and the upper mouth is used as the outlet for the cooling water). It is cooled with water to accelerate the cooling time or shorten the length of the condenser. Suitable for distillation and fractionation operations with boiling points below 140 ° C, mainly for inclined distillation units
Serpentine Condenser Tube It is designed by Grahan. Its inner core tube is spiral, which increases the length of the glass tube. The cooling surface is larger than the bulb shape. The other parts are the same as the sphere. Also, since the inner core tube is serpentine, more distillate is accumulated during distillation, so it is suitable for a vertical continuous distillation or reflux device.
The most common waxy and sweet corn market, waxy corn has higher nutrient content than ordinary corn, containing 70-75% starch (and almost all amylose), more than 10% protein, 4-5% fat and 2 % Of multivitamins have more grains, VA, VB1, and VB2 than rice with the highest content of protein, fat and VB2. Yellow corn also contains carotenoids, such as rice and wheat. The molecular weight of waxy corn starch is more than 10 times smaller than that of ordinary corn. The starch makes glutinous rice sticky and softer than ordinary hard corn. Its digestibility is more than 20% higher than that of ordinary corn, and it is suitable for people with irregular teeth. At the same time, the content of amylose (a kind of polysaccharide) is very high, which is not suitable for diabetics.
Waxy corn is also called sticky corn. The grains have rough, waxy endosperm, similar to shiny, transparent grains, such as hard and dented corn. Its chemical and physical properties are controlled by a recessive gene located on chromosome 9. 100% of the starch in the endosperm is amylose.
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