Nowadays, the increase in life has led to an increase in the amount of food on the table. Sometimes the patients will resist the temptation and make the condition worse. So treat this, we have to pay attention to nutrition diet. Do not ignore the doctor's words and eat something indiscriminately. Then let’s go and see who should have diabetes.
How to arrange diets scientifically is a realistic problem that all diabetics must face. Many people with diabetes do not dare to eat it, and they are also taboos and have a serious partial eclipse; or simply interpreting dietary control as “eat less food and not eat sweets†is not the case.
The principle of diet for diabetics should be to maintain nutritional balance under the premise of limiting total calories. First of all, according to the patient's standard weight, body shape and labor intensity, determine the total amount of calories it needs daily; Second, according to the principle of dietary balance, a reasonable arrangement of various nutrients, carbohydrates account for 50% to 60% of the total calories, Fat accounts for 20% to 25% of total calories and protein accounts for 15% to 20% of total calories. One gram of sugar or protein produces 16.74 kilojoules (4 kcal) of thermal energy and one gram of fat produces 37.68 kilojoules (9 kcal) of calories, from which the quality of the three major nutrients required can be calculated. The specific method is as follows:
1. Calculation: Standard weight (kg) = Height (cm) -105. The actual body weight is more than 20% of the standard body weight, and less than 20% is weight loss.
2. Calculation: Total calories required per day = Standard body weight (kg) × 30 (Note: Obese person × 25, weight loss person × 35).
3. The amount of the three major nutrients needed per day: Carbohydrate (g) = (total calories × 60%) ÷ 4; protein (g) = (total calories × 15%) ÷ 4 or 1 per kilogram of standard body weight Grams (excluding kidney disease); fat (g) = (total calories × 25%) ÷ 9.
For example: a patient, 45 years old, 1.65 meters tall, 63 kg weight, light physical activity. The standard weight of this patient is 165-105 = 60 (kg), the total required daily heat energy is 60 × 30 = 1 800 (kcal), the carbohydrate is 270 g, the protein is 60 g, and the fat is 45 g. Grains (referring to all kinds of rice and noodles) contain about 80% carbohydrate and 8% protein, 50 grams of lean meat can provide 10 grams of protein, 1 egg (or duck) contains about 6 grams of protein, and milk contains 3% of protein. Converted to specific recipes, the patient can eat 300 grams of cereal staples (6 pairs) daily, 100 grams of meat (2 two), 250 milligrams of milk, 1 egg, 20 grams of vegetable oil (two teaspoons), and 500 to 1 000 vegetables. Gram or more, 1/5, 2/5, 2/5 or 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 are allocated to three meals, so that one-day calorie needs and three nutrients can be met proportion.
The types of foods on a daily basis should include cereals, fruits and vegetables, meat and beans or milk. The general staple food can be relatively fixed. Except for heavy manual workers, daily intake of 200-250 grams for women and 300-350 grams of staple foods for men are appropriate. In the non-staple foods, meat, eggs, and milk can be exchanged. 50 grams of meat (or fish, shrimp) = 1 egg = 125 grams of milk. This type of food is mainly used to change the pattern and taste every day. Under the premise of total (heat) quantity control and dietary balance, according to individual's eating habits, it is possible to arrange recipes flexibly. Dishes are light and good. Cooking methods such as steaming, boiling, stewing, braising, and cooling are used. Less frying and frying are used. Methods. Simply put, the main food is limited, eat less meals, look far away, avoid smoking, eat sweets, and eat less fruits.
Some patients worry that eating more food (mainly containing carbohydrates) will increase blood glucose, therefore, the staple foods eat very little, often in a state of half-starvation, this practice will not only cause low blood sugar and blood sugar fluctuations, but also cause the body lipolysis The increase leads to "hungry ketosis," which, like diabetic hyperglycemia and ketosis, is a critical condition of the body and can cause great damage to the human body. And in the long run, it can also cause anemia, malnutrition, and decreased immunity.
Diabetes mellitus is a common and frequently-occurring disease that seriously harms human health and life. Its occurrence is closely related to living standards, dietary patterns, and customary genetic factors. Therefore, it guides people to change their bad habits, adjusts their diet, and improves diabetes. The self-protection awareness of high-risk groups can improve the prevention and treatment awareness of all humans.
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