The feeding stage of dairy cows can be divided into four stages: initial lactation (70 days after childbirth), mid lactation (71 days to 140 days after childbirth), late lactation (141 days to 305 days after childbirth), and dry period (306 days after childbirth - 365 days). Among them, 30 days before delivery (the second dry month) and 70 days after delivery (early lactation) are the most critical 100 days for the management of dairy cows. During this period, the physiological processes such as breast-feeding, childbirth, breast-feeding, high-lactation milk, and initial allocation are required. And stress response. Therefore, grasping the feeding and management from 30 days before to 70 days after delivery is a key link in the production of dairy cows. It not only affects the amount of milk produced by the cows, but also directly relates to post-natal estrus, mating, pregnancy and the birth of the next child. Milk production, key 100 days of management, need to pay attention to the following aspects.
Controlling the occurrence of perinatal diseases and ketosis is the most important metabolic disorder in dairy cows and can cause overall energy metabolism disorders.
1. Postpartum spastic hypocalcemia is the main cause of postpartum spasticity in dairy cows.
2, no more than fetal clothing in malnutrition of cattle, pregnant cattle feed should pay attention to the supply of vitamins and minerals, while paying attention to the appropriate exercise in late pregnancy.
3, postpartum paraplegia often due to excessive fetal, fetal malposition and other difficult labor process, caused by contusion of the sciatic nerve or obturator nerve caused by, should be given great attention.
4. Abdominal dislocation shifts blood calcium concentration due to labor stress and decreases muscle tension and causes fourth gastric shift. Postpartum sputum is also a cause of inflammation, uterine inflammation, mastitis caused by gestosis can also cause abomasum shift.
Ensure the rational distribution of feed and nutrients, strictly control the amount of concentrate feed in 30 days before birth, and prevent excessive dryness and obesity during dry period. 2 Two weeks before delivery, sugar calcium therapy was applied to elderly frail and affected cows, intramuscular injection of vitamin D3, progesterone and so on. To prevent the occurrence of milk fever, retention of placenta, and ketosis.
5, post-natal 70 days 1 strict feeding technology, to ensure a reasonable ratio of feed and nutrients to maintain the normal rumen environment and digestive function, prevent pre-stomach relaxation and decreased milk fat rate. 2 Pay attention to the amount of silage fed to prevent excessive feeding and affect other nutrients.
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