Barracuda, also known as meat sticks, red-eye fish, its salt, a wide range of temperature, sea water, brackish water or pure water can survive, is omnivorous fish based on plant food. Its optimum temperature range for growth is 1°C-30°C, and the optimum temperature is 12°C-25°C. Barracuda can be cultured not only in seawater and brackish water but also in freshwater ponds, reservoirs and lakes. Barracudas can either be raised or mixed with freshwater fish, crabs, and shrimps. This can not only effectively use the bait in the pond, but also increase the yield by about 10% per mu without increasing the amount of feed. It is an effective way to increase the efficiency of aquaculture, and it is a breed that has great potential for market development.
Pond conditions
The pond has an area of ​​4 mu and 10 mu, a depth of 1m to 1.5m, and a 15cm deep mud at the bottom of the pond. The position of the fish pond should be leeward and sunny, with a rectangular slope of 1:2-1:2.5. The fish pond should be close to the water source, with smooth drainage and irrigation, fresh water, sufficient water and no pollution.
When the fish pond clearing seedlings enter the pond 20 days before the selection, when sunny days are selected, the pool water is drained, the pool side weeds are removed, the excessive silt is removed, the bottom of the pool is soaked and exposed for several days, providing a good living environment for the barracuda culture.
The clear pond is filled with 100 kg of calcined pulp per acre pond. After the whole pool is spilled, the bottom of the pool and the slope of the pond should be sprayed evenly to thoroughly kill the enemy's harmful organisms and various pathogens in the fish pond.
Inject water and fertilize the seedlings 10 days before entering the pool, and inject fresh river water. When the water is injected, use a double-layer filter to strictly filter it to prevent wild fish, shrimp or enemy organisms from entering the pond. After water injection, 100kg-200kg of swine manure or chicken manure is applied per acre pond to cultivate zooplankton such as rotifers, Cladocera, copepods, etc., so that the fish can be fed to the pond to feed a sufficient and palatable natural food bait. To improve the natural productivity of fish ponds. The amount of fertilization and fertilization time can be flexibly controlled according to the weather, water temperature, water quality, etc., and generally about 6 days before the fish enters the pond.
Fry stocking
Barracudas are originally marine fish and must be fully desalinated before entering freshwater cultivation. The desalination time must be more than 20 days and the salinity should be less than 3‰. The fry should be kept in the pool for more than 2 days before transport.
The fry transport fry transport water temperature should be 16 °C - 23 °C, using a size of 70 cm 40 cm plastic bags plus fresh water transport, fry per bag 1500 -2500. The transportation water should be fresh, the organic content is low, and it should be transported by vans at night after being sealed with oxygen. Transport time is controlled within 3 hours and the survival rate of fry can reach 100%.
After adjusting the temperature of the fry into the pond after long-distance transportation, do not enter the pond directly after reaching the pond mouth. You should put the fry bag into the pool water for about 15 minutes. After the water temperature inside and outside the bag is uniform, the fry bag is opened again, and the fry is slowly placed into the pool when the windward position is selected.
The stocking densities of barracuda summer fish for raising stocking density and stocking densities are mainly determined according to the requirements for species specification, pond conditions, supply of bait fertilizer, and the level of culture techniques. General stocking specifications are 3,000 to 4000 tails per kilogram, and 7000 to 9,000 tails can be stocked per acre, and then can be cultivated into fingerlings of 12 cm to 16 cm in size. Generally stocked with fry, complete scales, uniform specifications, no injury and the same batch of fry.
The principle of nesting is to make full use of the pond's natural bio-feed and improve the natural productivity of the fish pond. The fish ponds can also be used for raising summer fish or grass carp in proper amount. Generally, 2000 to 3000 tails are stocked per acre. In order to avoid the bait, water quality, and space for raising fish species and barracudas, two principles must be mastered in the cultivation of barracuda species: (1) Any fish that conflicts with the barracuda in its habitat, food habits, and water quality. Class, not polyculture. (2) In order to improve the cultivation of barracuda fish species, the barracuda summer flowers should be stocked in advance to promote the rapid growth of the main fish.
Feeding bait
Types of bait Barracuda has a wide diet and belongs to omnivorous fishes that are mainly vegetable feeds. In artificial breeding conditions, can be fed vegetable cake, rice bran, bean cake powder, peanut powder, small trash fish, silkworm cocoon or specialized artificial feed and so on.
Feeding method
According to the habits of barracudas in favor of weak light, clusters, and fresh water quality, in order to feed bait, it is necessary to achieve "four orders":
(1) Quality. Feeding should be palatable. The powdery bait should be fresh, not decay, and be sterilized with salt water with a salinity of 40. With the bait requirements of animal protein content must be above 37%, and according to the fish body specifications, to grasp a reasonable feeding grain size, and to be ready to feed now, can not be put aside for a long time.
(2) Quantitative. According to different growing seasons and fish size, scientifically formulate a good amount of bait throughout the year. In the early stage of the fish entering the pool, it is the rapid growth period of barracuda, which is dominated by powdery bait. The daily feeding is 2 times -3 times, and the feeding amount is 3% -4% of the barracuda weight. In the high temperature season, the water temperature is higher, the water in the pool at night is prone to hypoxia, and the barracuda is also prone to various fish diseases. The bait is mainly fed and fed twice daily, and the feeding amount is 2% of the barracuda weight. %, take care not to let the fish eat night food. Falling water temperature in autumn, barracuda is not easy to get sick, can be fed day and night, to increase its weight, to create conditions for barracuda wintering, daily feeding for 3 times -4 times, feeding amount is 4% -5% of barracuda weight .
(3) Positioning. Domestication of barracudas is the key to the cultivation of barracuda seeds. Barracuda is a medium- and high-level fish. The food table can be placed shallow and made of lu plates or mesh sheets. After the summer flower enters the pool, it begins feeding and domesticating on the second day. After 7 days, the barracuda can develop the habit of centralized and fixed feeding, which can minimize the waste of food.
(4) timing. In the growing season, feeding should adhere to the principles of early feeding, late-breaking, and a small number of times. Each feeding should have a fixed time, usually from 8:00 am to 9 am, feeding 1/3 of the amount of bait throughout the day; from 17 to 18 hours, feeding 2/3 of the amount of bait throughout the day.
Water quality management
Barracuda enjoys refreshing water quality. During the cultivation period, water quality should be maintained for a long period of time. In the early stage of the fish entering the pond, the depth of water is kept at about 60 cm to facilitate the increase of water temperature and promote the growth of natural food organisms. In the middle period of cultivation, the water depth is kept between 80 cm and 120 cm. In the later period of cultivation, the water depth is kept between 120 cm and 160 cm. During the growing season, the new water is generally changed every 15 days, and about 30% of the pool water is changed every time. When changing the water, some of the bottom old water should be drained, and then the new water should be injected so that the sun can irradiate the water body as deeply as possible, making the entire water body an oxygen-enriched area, so as to promote the rapid growth of the barracuda.
Fertilizer
Fertilization can promote the growth and reproduction of natural food and improve the natural productivity of fish ponds. In addition to the application of basal fertilization, during the aquaculture process, fertilizers should be top-dressed in a timely and appropriate manner in accordance with pond water quality and transparency, so that the body of water can maintain a certain degree of fat for a long time, and the natural bait of barracuda can be increased. The fertilizer is generally applied once every 20 days, and chicken manure or pig manure is applied between 100 kg and 200 kg per acre pond.
Disease prevention and treatment
During the breeding process, barracuda is not prone to major diseases, but prevention of fish diseases must be done. When the summer flowers are stocked, the fish body is soaked in salt water with a saltyness of 30 torr for 5 minutes to 10 minutes to ensure that the lower pool has a good constitution. Every 20 days, 20 kg of lime is used to mash the ponds and the whole pool is sprayed to disinfect the water body and prevent fish diseases. Normally, baits such as salt and allicin are regularly added to feeds and fed for 7 days. The main diseases of barracuda seedlings are as follows.
Oriental oysters have a high infection rate against barracuda. Oriental eel is a kind of copepod parasitizing in seawater, but it is not suitable for brackish water. If it is found in high-salinity waters, freshwater can be introduced to reduce salinity, and live fish in the brackish water will fall off and die. In addition, polychaete larvae, originally the main diet of shrimp, but in the summer when breeding too much will drill into the cavity of the barracuda fish, intensive in the daytime, the shape of the fly, causing the mullet to die of suffocation. This pest often appears in the harbor.
Chrysospora is currently the most harmful to the species of barracuda and adult fish. If a small amount of chlorella is found in the fish pond, the entire pool of mullet can be destroyed in a few days. Chrysopera is a typical saltwater dinoflagellate. In the onset pond, Chrysocyanidium "bloom" appears. The cell density in the pool is 8105/ml.
Treatment: (10-15) 10 concentrations of liquid ammonia to spray the whole pool, with yellow mud water spraying the whole pool also has good results.
S. hydrophila, also known as skin mildew, is commonly known as “white diseaseâ€, and it is more common in the spring and summer. It is mainly caused by bumps in the course of operations such as fishing and artificial breeding, and water scale caused by squama infection.
Treatment: Be careful to avoid touching fish. If the fish has been infected with water mold, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution can be used to treat the diseased fish for 5 minutes to 10 minutes can achieve a certain effect. Or sprinkle with Sophora flavescens 5 mg/lit.
Daily management
The patrol pond surveys ponds three times a day in the morning, middle and evening, observes pond water quality, barracuda feeding, floating heads and diseases, etc., often removes weeds from the pond, maintains cleanliness and hygiene of the pool, and makes good records of breeding so that problems can be discovered in time. solve.
The temperature-reducing barracuda is a saltwater fish. When the water temperature is above 35°C in the summer, the barracuda is difficult to adapt to. The pool water level should be raised to the maximum height and the water should be changed in time to reduce the water temperature.
Winter Tong Tong
After entering the autumn, the weather turned cold, the water temperature dropped, and the barracuda's ability to move weakened. At this time, feeding should be stopped. After about 1 week, select the sunny net and pond, count according to the specifications, and put it into the wintering pond for winter.
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