In order to ensure a good harvest of summer food next year, if the soil is not empty and the fields are lacking, winter irrigation must be carried out. At present, the best time for winter irrigation has passed, we must master the watering method and scientific watering.
One is the condition of winter irrigation. It is necessary to look at the sky, see the earth, and watch the air. Look at the sky is to choose sunny weather; seeing the ground is to look at the soil moisture, not watering the winter water, soil moisture content is lower than the index (sand land <12%, soil land <14%, clay land <16%), must be carried out Winter irrigation; the suitable temperature for winter irrigation is about 3 °C, the temperature is lower than 3 °C, there is a threat of freezing damage after irrigation, the temperature is lower than 0 °C, the freezing damage is more serious, in addition to freeze-dried stems and leaves, it will form "Lifting the phenomenon" caused the mechanical damage of the wheat seedlings.
The second is winter irrigation time. Try to choose sunny weather, from 9 am to 3 pm. The amount of water should not be too large, but the water should be poured evenly, but it should be poured into the soil on the day of irrigation. Avoid flooding with large water to prevent the formation of “Linglift†wounds.
The third is reasonable topdressing. For wheat fields without application of base fertilizer or insufficient base fertilizer, small population, thin growth of wheat seedlings and yellowing of leaves, 5-7 kg of urea should be applied per acre combined with watering to promote the transformation and transformation of seedlings.
The fourth is cultivating and warming. After watering, it should be timely ploughed, remove the knot, eliminate cracks, spray new high-fat film to keep warm, water-proof evaporation, sun-proof and drought-resistant, anti-soil knot, suffocation and isolation of pests and diseases to ensure safe wintering of wheat seedlings.
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Vitamins are a kind of trace organic substances that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. They play an important role in the growth, metabolism, and development of the human body. In the body, this kind of substance can neither be a raw material for body tissue nor a source of energy, but a kind of regulating substance, which plays an important role in material metabolism.
From the point of view of chemical structure, various vitamins are very different or even unrelated. Therefore, vitamins are usually classified according to their physical properties. They can be divided into fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamin A, D, E, K, etc.) and water-soluble vitamins ( Such as vitamin C, vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, pantothenic acid, PP, biotin, folic acid, choline, etc.). Water-soluble vitamins are easily soluble in water but not soluble in organic solvents. They are stored in the body after absorption. Excessive amounts are mostly eliminated in the urine; fat-soluble vitamins are easily soluble in organic solvents but not in water. They can be absorbed by the body with fat and stored in the body, and the excretion rate is not high.
From the perspective of obtaining methods, vitamins can be divided into natural products and chemical synthetic products. Because natural vitamins are limited by raw materials and extraction technology, their yields are low, and their prices are high. Therefore, chemical synthesis takes the lead, accounting for about 80% of the total vitamin output. Among the various segments of the vitamin industry, vitamin B, vitamin E, vitamin C and vitamin A have the largest market shares, 33%, 30%, 21% and 13% respectively. Other vitamins have a smaller market share, accounting for only 3%.
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