First, nutrition and breeding seedlings. Black plastic nutrition has the function of heat absorption during the day and heat preservation at night. Plastic nutrient seedlings are placed in the impotence. When the outside temperature is about -10 °C, the temperature inside the crucible is 6-7 °C, and the temperature inside the nutrient crucible is 10 °C. Left and right, the seedlings can grow slowly and are not affected by freezing.
Second, the cultivation of hot nutritious soil. Chicken manure is hot manure, cow dung is mucus-rich breathable manure, 20% of each is fermented, 60% of mixed soil, such nutrient soil has good heat absorption and heat generation performance, good seedling ecological environment, number of roots It is long and long, and has strong absorption capacity. The plants are naturally resistant to freezing and strong.
Third, the seedlings are rooted with roots. Rooting is a reasonable preparation of several nutrients related to long roots such as calcium, phosphorus and zinc. Calcium determines the thickness of the root system. Phosphorus determines the number of roots. Zinc determines the growth rate and length of the root system. After use, the root system can be increased by about 70%, the deep roots by 25%, the root system is developed, the absorption capacity is increased by about 70%, and the deep root is increased by 25. %, the root system is developed, the absorption capacity is increased by about 70%, the deep root is increased by 25%, the root system is developed, and the absorption capacity is strong, so that the cold resistance is not caused by the lack of water deficiency and frostbite.
Fourth, the leaf surface spray nutrients to resist cold. In the severe cold winter, the temperature is low and the light is weak, the root absorption capacity is weak, and the leaf surface is sprayed with light micro-fertilizer, which can supplement the deficiency of the root system caused by insufficient nutrient absorption. Foliar sprayed rice vinegar can inhibit bacteria and deworming, mixed with white sugar and superphosphate, can increase the sugar content and hardness of the leaf meat, and improve cold resistance. After freezing damage, the leaf surface is alkaline atrophy, and spraying vinegar can alleviate the degree of damage. It is recommended to use 100-300 times liquid. Use less or no growth hormones to prevent cold resistance.
Five, sufficient water insulation to prevent freezing damage. The specific heat of water is higher than that of air, and the heat dissipation is slow. The soil moisture in the indoor environment is moderate in winter, the pores in the tillage layer are fine, the roots are not suspended, the soil is kept warm, and the roots are not damaged by freezing. Therefore, the seedlings are mostly caused by water shortage. For this reason, watering the water before winter or selecting the weather (watering above 20 °C) can prevent freezing damage.
Sixth, cultivating insulation and cold protection. The floor panel is knotted, the daytime hot air enters the tillage layer is restricted, the soil heat storage is less, and the cracks in the soil are large and deep, the pellet structure is poor, the heat is easy to lose heat in the first half of the night, and the room temperature is low in the middle of the night, which is easy to cause freezing damage. The shallow cultivating can break the ground and crack, which can control the groundwater transpiration to take away the heat energy, and can also protect the heat preservation and cold protection seedlings.
Seven, the weather repeatedly repeated the wind. The standard outside greenhouse temperature is about -10 °C, and the highest indoor temperature in winter is up to 32 °C. Many people think that this is the best time for long-term freezing and warming, and it is not suitable for wind. In fact, the wind should be repeatedly released at this time, so that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is small, close to the room temperature in the previous few days, so that the plant slowly adapts to the environment, grows vigorously, beware of a long day, and suffer from cold on the 10th, causing flashing seedlings and freezing damage.
Eight, supplement carbon dioxide. The ratio of carbon ammonia to crop yield increase is 1:1, and the crop's carbon to nitrogen ratio is 30:1. At present, most farmers have recognized the nitrogen production increase, but have neglected the carbon production increase effect. In the winter, the vegetables in the greenhouse are prone to yellowing. After 1 hour, the sun can absorb the carbon dioxide produced by the night crop respiration and soil microbial decomposition. At around 12 o'clock, it will be in a state of carbon starvation. When the temperature is high, the film can be opened and closed. External carbon dioxide increases resistance and yield. When the temperature is low, the greenhouse is closed, and artificially supplementing carbon dioxide can enhance the cold resistance of the crop; and greatly increase the yield.
Nine, timely cover the insulation. Generally, the wall is 1 meter thick. During the day, the heat storage temperature is 50%~60% of the total indoor energy, the heat absorption of the soil accounts for 20%~30%, and the space heat storage accounts for 20%~30%. According to the winter and the temperature of the day, after the cover At room temperature for 1 hour, it may be kept to about 18 °C. If it is higher than 18 °C, it may be covered later. If it is lower than 18 °C, it should be covered earlier.
Ten, the rear wall hanging reflective film to increase temperature. Greenhouse vegetables are produced in winter, not afraid of cold, afraid of light, and fear of even cloudy days. Therefore, before and after the winter solstice, a mulch reflection on the back wall can improve the light intensity of the cultivation bed. At night, the heat stored in the wall can be slowly released into the room, which can maintain a higher temperature in the middle of the night to prevent freezing damage.
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