Release date: 2018-05-18
Recently, in a research report published in the international journal Nature Immunology, the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) has developed a universal antibody that allows multiple pathogens to "disarm and surrender". Bacteria and other microorganisms can The surface of the cell exhibits a special molecular structure of sugar. These glycoprotein structures play an important role in the development of the immune defense mechanism of the body. They can promote the body's immune system to identify foreign invaders that are not part of the host's own body. These structures are specifically adsorbed and pathogens are effectively neutralized.
Based on the structure of the sugar molecule on the cell surface, bacteria can be classified into a variety of subpopulations. In general, an antibody can only eliminate one subgroup of pathogens and does not protect the body from invasion by other microorganisms; however, In the study of Klebsiella pneumoniae, researchers first discovered that the body's immune system can produce specific antibodies to identify and neutralize multiple pathogens.
More than one-third of the population has colonized the rod-shaped bacteria called Klebsiella (genus), which are mainly found in the nasal mucosa and intestines, but in the body of people with poor resistance. In this way, the bacteria can over-replicate and cause life-threatening diseases. In addition, Klebsiella pneumoniae is the main cause of hospital-acquired infections, and its resistance to antibiotics is now growing.
In this study, researchers developed specific antibodies against pathogens from the blood of healthy individuals, according to researcher Wardemann, who protects the body against a variety of Klebsiella pneumoniae subgroups. The protection effect is not limited to some special pathogens, but also effective against other bacteria, even some yeasts and viruses. In-depth clarification of the structure of carbohydrate-derived molecules on the surface of bacteria can clarify the mechanism of action of these molecules. The researchers pointed out that these antibodies can adsorb small structures called mannose in the sugar molecules on the surface of bacteria. Developing antibodies that recognize the structure of sugar molecules in a variety of microbial cells can help the body's immune system to resist multiple pathogens.
So far we don't know that the body's immune system can produce universal antibodies against Klebsiella pneumoniae and other pathogenic bacteria. The potential therapeutic effects of these antibodies are becoming more and more important, because the current resistance of pathogens to antibiotics is more The more common it is. About 400,000 to 600,000 people are infected each year in Germany, and about 10,000 to 15,000 people die from this type of infection; a large number of hospital-acquired infections are caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Triggered, and Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common culprit.
Therapeutic antibodies developed by researchers in the laboratory may help patients fight infections effectively. For some high-risk groups, such as those with poor immunity, this antibody can also prevent it from being effectively identified and eliminated. The ability of the pathogen is critical to the effectiveness of the antibody, and patients with acute sepsis may be able to use the antibody for rapid treatment.
In the article, the researchers examined the effectiveness of this Klebsiella antibody, the researcher Wardemann said, in the mouse body, the antibody can effectively identify and neutralize a variety of Klebsiella (genus) subtypes, This protects mice from the risk of infection; next, researchers will further investigate whether these antibodies can play a role in human clinical trials.
Source: Bio Valley
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