Release date: 2015-03-03
[1]Scientific Report: Using Big Data ("Big Data") to improve flu prediction
The population of seasonal influenza infections in the United States accounts for 5-20%, causing more than 200,000 hospitalizations each year. To analyze which areas have a higher risk of infection, predicting infection levels can help with targeted influenza prevention and treatment. The researchers have integrated big data into traditional detection methods in the form of Google Flu Trends to improve flu predictions. Google Flu Trends uses data from search queries to estimate real-time flu activity, including collecting data on potential and confirmed flu cases, and categorizing flu virus information collected by patients. Studies have shown that the combination of these two systems has increased the US flu prediction timeframe to the next week. This finding may have profound implications for local and national prevention and control of influenza outbreaks.
[2] Scientific Report: The use of emergency contraceptives and the risk of associated ectopic pregnancy
The research team led by Prof. Huang from Shanghai Jiaotong University analyzed the potential links between 7000 cases of ectopic pregnancy, normal pregnancy, and non-pregnant women in China, looking for the risk of ectopic pregnancy and the use of levonorgestrel-based emergency contraceptives. Their analysis showed that the previous use of levonorgestrel emergency contraceptives did not increase the risk of future envisioned cycles of ectopic pregnancy. However, in the event of failure of the emergency contraceptive, continued unprotected sex and repeated use of levonorgestrel emergency contraceptives in the same physiological cycle will significantly increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy. These findings emphasize the need to provide clear and correct forms of contraceptive guidance and to ensure that women understand the importance of using the potential risks of emergency contraception.
[3] Nature Medicine: Identifying new anti-inflammatory compounds
The discovery of two compounds that block the immune system's involvement in several inflammatory diseases, NLRP3, was published in two papers in Nature Medicine last week. NLRP3 is a protein component of the inflammatory body that is capable of driving several diseases including autoimmune diseases, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and autoinflammatory diseases.
The research team led by Professor Dixit found that beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a metabolite produced during fasting, high-intensity exercise, calorie restriction or a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet, directly inhibits NLRP3. When BHB is loaded into the nanoparticle and sent to mice, it reduces inflammation in a mouse model of inflammatory disease. These results suggest that dieting, ketogenic diet or high-intensity exercise can, to some extent, inhibit NLRP3-mediated inflammatory diseases by producing BHB.
In another study, Professor O'Neill and his colleagues described a drug, MCC950, that directly inhibits NLRP3. The researchers found that MCC950 potently inhibits the inflammatory response in a mouse model of autoimmune or autoinflammatory disease. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of MCC950 are not associated with inflammatory bodies.
[4] Nature Commu: Found ancient fossils in Taiwan
Researchers recently discovered the first ancient human fossil in Taiwan. This discovery helps fill the geographical gap in Asian fossil records and highlights the diversity of ancient humans living in this region during the Pleistocene era. Professor Chang and his colleagues reported that the fossil found from the submarine channel of the Penghu Lake on the western coast of Taiwan has a large mandible and primitive teeth. It is structurally similar to another fossil found in the middle of the Pleistocene in the eastern part of China. They believe that this ancient human race lived between 190,000 and 10,000 years ago.
[5] Scientific Reports: Aging stone reveals the origin of dog domestication
Dog domestication originated in the Paleolithic era, when humans were hunting, or in the Neolithic era, when humans began to form permanent settlements and began to breed, this seemed to be the theme of eternal debate. Two skulls—a specimen of about 31,680 years ago and a specimen about 14,000 years ago—have revealed that domestication of dogs occurred before the Neolithic Age. However, Professor Drake and his colleagues suggest that methods for skull classification measurements may not have a sufficiently high resolution to distinguish between dogs and wolves. They re-evaluated the specimens, using detailed full 3D skull analysis, comparing them to the skulls of modern dogs and wolves, and concluded that the Paleolithic skull was clearly a wolf not a dog. These results support recent genetic studies, arguing that the domestication of dogs originated in the Neolithic Age. The authors believe that the combination of genetic data and three-dimensional skull analysis will help to reclassify other canine fossils and provide more evidence to address the dog's domestication origin.
[6] Nature Neuroscience: Breaking the negative cycle of drug addiction
Withdrawal of addictive substances, such as cocaine, can produce an anxiety and depression-like state that further promotes drug use. To better understand the neural basis of this phenomenon, Professor Mameli and colleagues studied the neurophysiological response of mice after exposure to cocaine. Scientists have found that the communication between the nucleus of these mice and the rostromedial tegmental nucleus in another region of the brain is enhanced. This enhancement is long lasting and persists for several days after drug exposure. The study also showed that a small molecule protein can inhibit the enhancement of neuronal communication and can alleviate depression-like behavior in mice induced by cocaine withdrawal. The findings suggest that the induced negative symptoms of the drug may be attributed to increased activity in specific areas of the brain that deal with unpleasant events. The study also identified negative drug states that could be associated with drugs, such as candidate molecules and anatomical targets for depression.
[7] Nature Commu: genetic variation related to peanut allergy
Between 2% and 10% of children in the United States have food allergies, and the understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of allergies has been an obstacle to the prevention and treatment of allergies. Recently, scientists have conducted the first large genome-wide association study to determine the susceptibility to common food allergies. The study found new genetic variants associated with peanut allergy.
The research team led by Professor Wang conducted genotyping of 3,000 children and parents involved in the Chicago Food Allergy Research Program to identify mutations associated with food allergies. Egg and milk allergy did not show related genetic variation, while peanut allergy was closely related to DNA changes - epigenetic related HLA-DR and DQ genes changed. The expression products of these genes play a key role in the development of allergies.
These findings open up research pathways for future food allergies that help to further understand the biological basis of the risk of peanut allergy, or may help develop new detection and treatment strategies.
[8] Nature Genetics: Non-tumor cells alter colorectal cancer subtypes
Colorectal cancer has a different prognosis in different patients. Nearly half of patients with colorectal cancer are resistant to treatment or have relapses during treatment. Professor Isella and colleagues analyzed data collected from patients with colorectal cancer and found that many patients with poor prognosis have some highly expressed genes expressed in stromal cells. They transplanted human cancer cells into mice to detect this prediction, and it was confirmed that the highly expressed genes were indeed derived from the surrounding tissues of mouse cancer rather than cancerous tissues.
In another study, Professor Batlle and other researchers found similar gene expression patterns—the cells around the cancerous tissue with poor prognosis had some specific high expression of genes. They found that "communication" between tumors and normal cells is mediated by the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway. After the researchers cultured the tumor "organs" on the culture dish and then transplanted them to mice, the researchers found that tumor progression can be slowed down by TGF-β pathway blockers. These findings may help doctors determine the correct treatment for different colorectal cancer patients.
[9] Nature Genetics: What is the risk of hearing loss caused by cisplatin treatment?
The association between the risk variant of the gene ACYP2 and the risk of hearing loss in children after cisplatin treatment was recently revealed by Professor Yang and his research team. The results of this study can help doctors decide when to use the drug cisplatin to treat pediatric brain tumors.
Cisplatin is an anticancer agent widely used in many cancer treatments, including childhood brain tumors. Although cisplatin is very effective, it can cause ototoxicity or hearing damage - especially in adolescents. Then why do some children experience this negative effect, while others do not? The specific reasons are unknown. Professor Yang conducted a genetic association study of 238 children with brain tumors treated with cisplatin, of which 145 had ototoxicity. They found a strong correlation between the gene ACYP2 and the risk of ototoxicity. ACYP2-encoded proteins are expressed in muscle and cochlea and are important proteins involved in the development of normal hair cells in the ear. Children with ACYP2 risk variants developed ototoxicity. However, the cause of ototoxicity in some children without risk variants in this area remains unclear.
[10] Nature Genetics: Hypermutation of pediatric brain tumors
Children who have inherited two copies of the DNA repair key gene are at high risk for pediatric cancer. This rare syndrome, known as the mismatch repair defect of the biallelic (bMMRD), is prone to many children with many different types of cancer, with blood cancer and brain tumors being the most common. However, not all children with bMMRD will develop cancer.
Professor Shlien and his team studied 12 patients with bMMRD brain tumors, 10 of which had aggressive brain tumors. Compared to the patient's normal tissues, they found that aggressive brain tumors are hypermutated, with an average of nearly 8,000 protein-changing mutations. In contrast, most other pediatric cancers have only about 19 such mutations. The researchers found that all hypermutated brain tumors have one of two genes, POLE or POLD, which are different from those associated with bMMRD. The findings explain why these tumors are progressing so rapidly. The researchers suggest that rapidly accumulating mutations in these tumors are exploited to develop new treatments—developing drugs that promote cancer cell over-mutation, which is the upper limit of cancer cell breakthrough breakthroughs.
Source: Bio Valley
NVR Security Camera Kits System
NVR WiFi cameras can be added to NVRs if they are in the same LAN. Here we'll guide you to finish this process following the steps below.Step 1: Connect the camera to your router via WiFi by configuring WiFi settings for the WiFi camera.
Step 2: Connect your PoE NVR to the LAN port of the router.Step 3: Open the monitor of your NVR, then select Channel Settings > IP channel. Check Auto Add and click Scan. Then the WiFi camera will show up in the list. Assign a channel for it if necessary.NVR WiFi cameras can be added to NVRs if they are in the same LAN. Here we'll guide you to finish this process following the steps below.Step 1: Connect the camera to your router via WiFi by configuring WiFi settings for the WiFi camera.
Step 2: Connect your PoE NVR to the LAN port of the router.Step 3: Open the monitor of your NVR, then select Channel Settings > IP channel. Check Auto Add and click Scan. Then the WiFi camera will show up in the list. Assign a channel for it if necessary.
NVR WiFi cameras can be added to NVRs if they are in the same LAN. Here we'll guide you to finish this process following the steps below.Step 1: Connect the camera to your router via WiFi by configuring WiFi settings for the WiFi camera.
Step 2: Connect your PoE NVR to the LAN port of the router.Step 3: Open the monitor of your NVR, then select Channel Settings > IP channel. Check Auto Add and click Scan. Then the WiFi camera will show up in the list. Assign a channel for it if necessary.
NVR WiFi cameras can be added to NVRs if they are in the same LAN. Here we'll guide you to finish this process following the steps below.Step 1: Connect the camera to your router via WiFi by configuring WiFi settings for the WiFi camera.
Step 2: Connect your PoE NVR to the LAN port of the router.Step 3: Open the monitor of your NVR, then select Channel Settings > IP channel. Check Auto Add and click Scan. Then the WiFi camera will show up in the list. Assign a channel for it if necessary.
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