The main diseases of Xiazhi bitter gourd include blight, anthracnose, and epidemic diseases. The insect pests include melon flies, melons, and aphids.
1. Fusarium is mainly caused by Fusarium, which grows slowly when the disease occurs, and the lower leaves are yellow and gradually spread upward, causing the plants to die.
Control methods: (1), to prevent the main, to avoid continuous cropping, it is best to rotate. (2) Strengthen cultivation management. (3) Before planting, use carbendazim to form a medicinal soil at 1:100 and sprinkle it into the seeding hole. (4) Seedling stage and flowering, and the result period is treated with withered and carbendazim liquid.
2, anthracnose is mainly caused by fungi, and can occur on the seedlings, stems and leaves of the bitter gourd. It can be controlled by leaf spot 1500 times liquid or Shigao 1000 times liquid spray.
3, the main disease of the disease is harmful to the fruit, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times solution or 80% daisen zinc 700 times solution, spray once every 7 to 10 days, even spray 3 to 4 times for prevention and treatment.
4, melon flies, also known as "needle bees", the adult worms lay eggs on the epidermis of young melons. After the larvae hatch, they are drilled into the fruit to feed, which makes the fruit develop malformed and local yellowing to the whole melon rot.
Control methods: (1) Remove the melons in time, and bury the melons. (2) Set of paper bags to protect young melons. (3) Spraying with 1000 times of trichlorfon, or 6000 times of cockroach, or 4.5% of cypermethrin 2000 times. Stop using the drug two weeks before harvesting, pay attention to the residual period of pesticides, and ensure the listing of pollution-free products.
5. The melon larvae feed on the leaf back to form gray spots, which can also be taken into the melon to feed, affecting the yield and quality of bitter gourd. The melons are overwintered by adult or cockroaches on dead leaves or topsoil. They begin to harm in May of the following year and occur severely from July to September.
Control methods: (1) clean up the melons and eliminate the insects. 2 In the early stage of larvae, the leaf curls are removed in time to eliminate some larvae. (3) It can be controlled by big magical power, green insects, and sharp Jinte.
6. Aphids mainly harm leaves and affect photosynthesis. It can be sprayed with 25% high-efficiency chlorofluorocyanate 1000-1500 times liquid or 10% sterilized emulsifiable oil 800-1000 times liquid.
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