With new breakthroughs in contraception, researchers have discovered a new method of contraception that can solve many problems. This method is effective for both sexes and has no side effects, and can even be used as an emergency contraception without angering anti-abortion supporters.
Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, in a new study, show how two substances extracted from plants prevent sperm from entering the egg, and traditional methods of contraception are such that sperm and eggs are inaccessible.
The human sperm advances by swinging their tails and needs to travel 24,000 times their own distance to reach the eggs. Once a sperm is first taken to the end, it will dig into the egg, pass its head through the zona pellucida of the egg, and transfer a large amount of calcium ions to the tail of the sperm to complete the entire fertilization process.
Sperm has a unique ion channel called Catsper. When the sperm approaches the egg, the ion channel opens under the action of progesterone. The researchers found that two compounds, lupinol and gram-positive cocciin, may interfere with this important part of the sperm journey.
These compounds have been found in some common plants. Lupinol is found in aloe vera, grapes, olives and cabbage, while anti-gram-negative pheromone thieves are less common. They come from a vine called the tripterygium, which is often used by Chinese medicine practitioners.
The researchers found that the two compounds did not respond to sperm when progesterone was encountered, and were 10 times more effective than existing contraceptives. Researchers call it a "molecular condom."
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