Release date: 2017-01-16
Researchers led by Professor Bert van den Berg and Dr. David Bolam from the University of Newcastle's Cell and Molecular Bioscience Institute reported their latest findings on Nature, January 12, with the support of collaborators at the University of Bremen. .
The human large intestine is colonized by extremely dense bacterial populations, collectively referred to as microbiota or "intestinal flora."
Recent studies have shown that microbes are important for human health and nutrition and are associated with autoimmune diseases, cancer and obesity. The function and composition of the gut flora depends on the ability of the individual microbe to obtain nutrients (such as starch and other dietary polysaccharides) in a highly competitive environment in the human large intestine.
This nutrient acquisition process is carried out by a protein machine embedded in the bacterial cell membrane. Among many members of the gut flora, this machine is a two-component complex composed of a substrate binding protein (called SusD) and a channel-forming transporter (called SusC).
The Newcastle University team's report on Nature stated that they have purified and determined the first three-dimensional atomic structure of the SusCD complex by X-ray crystallography and determined how nutrients are transported to bacterial cells.
The SusCD composite functions like a pedal box, where the SusD forms a lid on the SusC box. The cover can be opened without a substrate. After capturing the substrate, the lid is closed and the substrate is moved into the tank for transport into the battery.
This study provides basic insights into the function of the gut flora and understanding the symbiosis of the human gut flora. These results provide a timely and necessary supplement to most current microbiota studies, focusing primarily on answering system biology questions such as "Who is there and when?"
By linking mechanical and systems biology, the study can also provide new insights into the composition of the gut flora by interfering with key nutrient uptake processes.
Source: Bio 360
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