Recently, the reporter interviewed the senior fruit technician Zhai Zhongfu of the Zhuangfu Fruit Planting Professional Cooperative in Tianfu New District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province on the winter planting technology of kiwifruit.
Planting time
From the end of the fall to the beginning of the following spring, that is, from the late autumn in late October to the second in late spring and late in the spring.
Environmental requirements
Temperature kiwifruit has a wide range of adaptability to temperature, but cold early spring, low temperature of late frost, and high temperature in midsummer often affect the growth and development of kiwifruit.
Moisture kiwifruit is not resistant to waterlogging, and it often cannot survive when there is waterlogging or poor drainage.
Soil kiwifruit should be sandy soil with deep, loose and fertile soil, good drainage, and high humus content. Avoid sticky, easy to water, barren soil.
Illumination of kiwifruit requires different lighting requirements at different stages of development. Seedlings cool shade, avoid direct sunlight. Adult fruit trees require plenty of sunlight, scattered light, avoid direct light.
The damage to the fresh shoots of kiwifruit is fat and tender. The leaves are large and thin, and are vulnerable to wind damage. Dry winter winds and dry hot winds in spring and summer can all have adverse effects on the growth and development of kiwifruit and should be avoided in the windward area. For planting in mountainous areas and hills, attention should be paid to choosing a lee place. In areas with frequent winds, windbreaks should be installed.
Key planting technology
Management of kiwifruit seedlings before planting is mainly in autumn and winter, supplemented by spring planting. Before planting, the damaged main roots and lateral roots of the seedlings were trimmed, and it was appropriate to keep 15-20 cm long. The main part of the ground (or grafting) spindle leaves 2~4 full shoots, and the rest is cut off. After trimming the kiwifruit seedlings, the grafting membrane is removed and the pruned seedlings are affixed with a slurry or an aqueous solution accompanied with an appropriate amount of rooting powder and carbendazim to be sterilized, thereby promoting the survival of the seedlings.
Colonize the 50 cm square soil layer at a predetermined point and make a 10 cm deep hole. Then spread the roots of the kiwifruit seedlings around the planting hole and use the fine soil to firmly plant the roots. The plate is about 20-30 cm above the ground. Pouring enough water to soak the rooting water. It is advisable to pour about 20 pounds of water per plant. From the soil to the position of the soil mark in the seedling nursery, the grafting interface is exposed outside the soil. Then cover a black plastic film 1 m square, surrounded by sealing, warming and Moisturizing, and promote the survival of seedling rooting. 10 to 15 days to check the water, such as lack of water, open half of the film to keep water. At the same time, 1.8% sodium nitrate or seaweed nutrient solution was sprayed one or two times after planting to promote the formation of callus and the growth of roots, and increase the survival rate of seedlings.
Before the fertilizer and water management seedling grows to 7 to 8 leaves, its new root gradually grows. At this time, the root system is extremely fragile and the absorption capacity is limited. Generally, no fertilizer is applied. After 8 leaves, kiwifruit seedlings should be topdressed in time. Adhering to the principle of “dilution and diligence, and eating less and more mealsâ€, it will avoid harm to new-born roots and promote the rapid growth of seedlings.
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