Balsam pear is native to the tropical region of southern Asia. It belongs to the cucurbitaceae, an annual climbing herb. Bitter gourd can be cultivated as ornamental plants, and can also be eaten as tender fruit. Its nutritional value and medical value are high. It can relieve heat, diuretic heat, diuresis, increase appetite and help digestion.
I. Requirements of bitter gourd on environmental conditions
1. Temperature: Bitter melon originated in the tropics, so it requires a higher growth temperature. The suitable temperature for germination is 30°C to 35°C. The suitable temperature for seedling growth is 20°C to 25°C, and the growth is slower than 15°C. Bitter gourd flowering, the result of suitable temperature is 20 °C to 30 °C.
2. Moisture: Bitter gourd has relatively high requirements for soil moisture and relative air humidity, but it is humid but afraid of rain. It grows poorly in rainy and cloudy weather, and it is easy to get rotten melon. The general soil moisture content is about 15%. Relative humidity in the air is appropriate from 70% to 80%.
3. Light: Bitter gourd is not strict on the light, but a longer period of light is conducive to plant growth, flowering and results, and can improve the quality of the fruit.
4. Soil Nutrition: Generally, it grows better on fertile soil. Bitter gourds have high requirements for fertilizers. If there are enough organic fertilizers, the plants grow stoutly, the flowering results are numerous, and the melon strips are also large. Especially in the later stage of growth, if the fertilizer and water are insufficient, the plants are easy to degenerate, the fruits are small, the bitterness is increased, and the quality is decreased. As a result, a sufficient amount of nitrogen fertilizer is required in the peak period.
Second, cultivation technology
1. Sowing seedlings: The seeds of bitter gourd are thick and hard, and they are not easy to germinate. Soaking seed germination is usually done from 5 days to 7 days before sowing. First, put the seed into a cloth bag, soak it in cold water, place it in a pot, and then add warm water at about 60°C. Stir the water while stirring to avoid burning the seeds. When the water temperature drops to about 30°C, it is not necessary to stir. Soak the seed for 12 hours to 14 hours. After the seed has fully absorbed water, remove it and drain the surface of the seed. Then wrap it in a wet cloth and put it in a temperature of 30°C to 33°C for germination. The temperature will drop after two days. To 25 °C to 30 °C. Before the seeds germinate, wash the seeds with warm water every morning and evening, or turn the seeds several times to make the seeds evenly heated. After 7 days to 10 days, the shoots will sprout. When the seed buds emerge, they can be sown.
Seedling sowing time in the northeast region is appropriate in late March. Sowing should be conducted on sunny mornings or at noon so as to improve seed bed temperature and promote seedling emergence.
2. Seedbed management: Seal the plastic film or glass window after sowing, so that the temperature in the bed will rise to 30°C to 35°C to facilitate emergence. After emergence, the temperature should be lowered and maintained at 25°C to 30°C during the day and 15°C to 20°C at night.
3. Water and Fertilizer Management: Generally, the bottom water should be poured before sowing. Watering may not be necessary during the whole seedling period. In particular, seedlings are usually used to raise the seedlings. Generally, watering is not necessary. Throughout the seedling stage, it is generally not necessary to top-dress, but it can be combined with watering for 2 to 3 times extra-root topdressing, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2% to 0.4%; it can also spray double-effect micronutrients with a concentration of 800 times the liquid, on the one hand can inhibit the occurrence of toxic diseases, but also can supplement the trace elements of plants.
When bitter gourd is planted, water and fertilizer management is particularly important. After entering the guaranty period, generally no rain, should be poured once every 7 days to 10 days, and should be combined with water every half to 20 days to chase a fertilizer, top dressing amount of 10 kg per mu with urea 13 kg or ammonium sulfate 15 kg to 20 kg, or compound fertilizer 8 kg to 10 kg. After the balsam pear enters the period of squashing, if the topdressing is not timely, and the nitrogen fertilizer is lacking, the plant growth is thin, the leaves are yellowish green, the melons are few, the melons are small, the yield is low, and the quality of the melons is also poor.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients(API) refer to the raw materials used in the production of various preparations. They are the effective ingredients in the preparations. They are various powders, crystals, extracts, etc., prepared by chemical synthesis, plant extraction or biotechnology, but Substances that the patient cannot take directly. API is intended to be used in any substance or mixture of substances in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, and when used in pharmaceuticals, it becomes an active ingredient of the pharmaceuticals. Such substances have pharmacological activity or other direct effects in the diagnosis, treatment, symptom relief, treatment or prevention of diseases, or can affect the function or structure of the body. According to its source, active pharmaceutical ingredients are divided into two categories: synthetic chemical active Pharmaceutical ingredients and natural chemical active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Chromium Picolinate,Tianeptine,6-Paradol,Aminobutyric acid,acetylcysteine,L-Carnosine
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