First, clean the garden In order to reduce pathogenic bacteria and eggs, reduce the incidence of diseases and insect pests, after the end of the production of crops in Shangxia, we must timely pull out, and clean up the shed inside and outside the stubble, leaves and weeds, concentrated transported to the ground for high-temperature composting Innocent treatment.
Second, the application of base fertilizer should be based on fertility conditions, target yield and fertilizer quality and other comprehensive considerations. Each production of 1,000 kilograms of cucumber needs to absorb 2.8 kilograms of nitrogen, 0.9 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, and 9.9 kilograms of potassium oxide. Under medium fertility conditions, 4,000 to 5,000 kilograms of high-quality organic manure is fully fermented, crushed, and crushed. Organic fertilizer can be used for 2000-3000 kg of commodity organic fertilizer per acre, which can be combined with strip application when fertilizing. 2/3 of the amount is applied before the cultivated land, and 1/3 of the amount is applied to the backgroove. Combining 20 to 30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
Third, the appropriate period of planting determine the time of planting to consider crop varieties, greenhouse insulation performance and time to market and the sales price and other factors. For example, greenhouses with general insulation properties are suitable for planting autumn and winter cucumbers, planted in early September, and planted before the Spring Festival; and greenhouses with insulation properties above 25°C are suitable for planting overwintering cucumbers, planting in early November, and next year 6- July pulls.
Fourth, the soil preparation and rectification system will be implemented. Before choosing the planting system, it is not a greenhouse planting crops. Improve the quality of the land preparation, deepen the soil, plough through the ground, and break up the rubbish, so as to make it flat, flat and straight. Organic fertilizers should be mixed well with the soil. The sorghum is made up to 20 cm above the ground. It takes a large and small row, 90-100 centimeters wide and 40-50 centimeters wide. Covering the film, the best choice is silver-gray plastic film, which has the effect of repelling pests and preventing weeds.
Fifth, planting tomatoes, eggplant, sweet peppers should be properly deep planting, covering the soil more than 2 cm in the seedling hoe is appropriate; cucumber, pumpkin and other melon crops to shallow planting, planting depth with the seedling hoe and the surface is appropriate.
The planting density is determined according to the characteristics of different crops and varieties. Tomatoes and cucumbers generally have an average spacing of 70-75 cm and a plant spacing of 30-40 cm. Ordinary tomatoes and cucumber varieties are planted for about 3,000 plants per acre, while cherry tomatoes, hard fruit tomatoes, and fruit cucumber varieties are planted for 2000-2200 acre; The number of round varietal eggplant varieties such as No. 1 is 1800-2000 strains per mu, the number of long-living eggplant varieties such as brita is 1300 strains per mu, the color peppers are 2,000 strains per mu, and the peppers are 4000-5000 strains per mu.
Sixth, management after planting
The cultivator loose soil: After the seedlings are slowly controlled, watering seedlings are to be controlled, and the cultivars should be cultivated 1-2 times when the nymphs are suitable to promote root growth and lay the foundation for high yields, and at the same time eradicate the weeds.
Adjust the appropriate temperature and humidity: 5-7 days after planting, daytime temperature 28 °C -30 °C, night 18 °C -20 °C, you can adjust the temperature by opening and closing the tuyere, reduce the greenhouse temperature appropriately after the seedlings are slowed, so that the daytime greenhouse The temperature is maintained at 23°C-28°C and maintained at around 15°C during the night. The relative humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted according to different crops, tomato, eggplant in 45% -50%; sweet pepper, cucumber in 60% - 80%. When the air is released, it should be determined before and after noon, according to the temperature conditions determine the timing of the air release, if the outside temperature is lower than 5 °C, the air release time does not exceed 30 minutes, even if the temperature in the cloudy greenhouse can not reach 28 °C, but also appropriate ventilation, to ensure Tomato photosynthesis proceeds normally.
Moisture Management: Planting water should be poured. The sand loam soil shed was re-watered once every 2 days, and the cultivating soil was loosened after easing the seedlings, and the watering seedlings were controlled for about 15 days. From the time of easing the seedlings to the early stage of harvesting, the main goal is to promote root control, and try not to water. From the early stage of fruit harvesting until the end of the entire result, the water requirement is large, and the water is usually fed 5-7 days. The specific watering time depends on the species, the weather and the soil, and the cucumbers and peppers should be a little bit more, and the tomatoes and eggplants have longer intervals. After November, as the temperature decreases, the amount of watering is gradually reduced, the interval is extended, and the watering time is preferably performed in the morning.
Plant adjustment: Hanging vines 7-10 days after planting. Each row of two vines should be lifted upwards. Silver-gray nylon ropes are used to avoid locusts. Wind around, snoring, and remove old leaves and yellow leaves in time. The fruit-type cucumber starts to leave the melon from the 6th leaf, and it is necessary to remove the 1-5 leaves of the young melon as soon as possible. Tomatoes were used to pollinate 3-4 flowers per spike, using an oscillating pollinator to assist pollination and remove excess and malformed young fruit.
To prevent and control the occurrence of diseases: At present, tomato yellow leaf curl virus spreads rapidly in Beijing. To prevent the spread and spread of the virus, a 40-50 mesh insect net should be installed at the outlet and entrance to prevent the entry of whitefly into the greenhouse. Spread the virus. Hang yellow plates indoors to disinfect tools and hands to prevent human transmission. Individual disease strains should be removed in a timely manner, and spraying prevention and treatment should be conducted at the initial stage of the disease. At the same time, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as gray mold, late blight, and roundworms should be completed.
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