In recent days, according to a survey conducted by city and district plant protection stations, tomato leaf mold disease has generally occurred in all districts and counties. The incidence rate of diseased sheds is generally 10%, and severe sheds are nearly 50%. At present, the lesions are mainly concentrated in the lower leaves.
Tomato leaf mold is a kind of fungal disease caused by the fungus Aspergillus subcordiformis. It is commonly known as "black disease" and can damage many parts, but mainly leaves. At the early stage of the onset of the leaf, an oblong or irregular pale yellow spot appeared on the front and the back was grayish white. A gray-purple or dark-brown villus layer will appear on both sides of the late lesions, but it is common on the back of lesions. Severe disease can cause dry leaves or even reduce yield. Tomato leaf mold fungus like warm and humid, temperature 20 °C -25 °C, relative humidity more than 90% conducive to disease occurrence and increase. The peak of onset is easy to appear in the season from cool to warm or from warm to cold. The prone to onset is the fruit setting period.
At present, the tomato planted around the Spring Festival is in the fruit setting period, and the temperature is also rising. Host conditions and meteorological conditions are conducive to the occurrence and damage of tomato leaf mold, the site of disease will be expanded, plant protection agencies around the region to do a good job of monitoring tomato leaf mold, timely guidance of vegetable bases for prevention and control.
1. Remove diseased leaves in time. Before the onset of disease application, pruning should be carried out first, and diseased leaves should be removed and carried to the outside of the shed for proper treatment to reduce the source of bacteria and increase air and light transmission.
2. According to the weather conditions, reasonable ventilation, good temperature and humidity control, to avoid the emergence of warm and humid microclimate.
3. Strengthen fertilizer management. Watch the weather forecast in a timely manner and try to select sunny morning watering to avoid rainy days after watering, and to control the water in the onset shed. When fertilizing, adopt formula fertilization and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer appropriately.
4. Prevent and control the occurrence and development of diseases in a timely manner. No disease shed can be regularly fumigated with sulphur fumigation device or smoked with chlorothalonil smoke agent; at the early stage of disease, difenoconazole and flusilazole can be used for spray prevention and treatment.
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