Holograms, which still have sci-fi color in the impression of the average person, can also be used to make new high-magnification microscopes. Scientists have released an optical microscope that does not use lens imaging, which is not only better than traditional, but also cheaper and easier to use.
(Source: UCLA Nano- and Bio-Photonics Lab)
Detection sample accuracy rate of 99%
In fact, "digital holographic microscopes" have been developed before, but the quality of the images is not enough to be used as a high standard for disease diagnosis. This time, the engineers at the University of California, Los Angeles, handed the developed prototype to a pathologist for testing. They used traditional microscopes and prototypes to test 75 breast tissue samples to find the lesions. The result was a traditional microscope. The test results are all correct, and the prototype is 74, which is close to perfect.
They use a light source with partial "coherence" (note) to illuminate the samples. After the light source penetrates the sample, the underlying detector chip collects relevant data about the light source, transmits it to the computer, and calculates a High resolution hologram sample image. In addition, if the traditional microscope wants to see images of different depths of the sample, the user has to turn the knob on the microscope and increase the holographic projection technique to solve the problem through the computer.
Traditional optical microscopy technology
Traditional optical microscopes were invented around the end of the sixteenth to seventeenth centuries. By the eighteenth century, objects could be magnified by a thousand times, but the use of solid lenses continued to magnify with limits, and by 1931 the first electron microscope was born. Change the lens into an electromagnet and change the photon into an electron, so that the object can be magnified hundreds of thousands of times. Some types of electron microscopes can see the atomic level, so you can see tiny creatures such as viruses. .
The 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientists who used “ultra-high resolution fluorescence microscopy†to advance traditional optical technology to nanoscale. Assuming a 1 mm (mm, 10-3 m) object visible to the naked eye, a thousand times in the eighteenth century is like a 1 micron (10-6 m) magnification to 1 mm, and "ultra-high resolution fluorescence." Microscopy is to magnify nanometers (10-9m) to 1mm, which is a billion times.
The "digital holographic projection microscope" also does not use a lens, but still uses a traditional light source to detect the sample, but the user does not see the physical image like the traditional optical microscope, but the result of computer calculation. It can “see†more tiny objects, and it also has the characteristics of various existing technologies.
The cost of the technology used by the research team is not high. For example, the detection chips they use are available on many smartphones. The team used to have a digital holographic projection microscope costing less than a thousand dollars. There is another microscope that costs only one hundred dollars, but only the E. coli-class microbes. As for the cost of the prototype, it is not mentioned. and. The results were published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
Comment
Light has the characteristics of waves, like two stones thrown on the surface of the water. The water waves caused by each other will affect each other and produce a pattern of "interference" together; in order to generate interference, the light source must have some coherence.
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