Problems in fertilization and principles of fertilization
The application amount of organic fertilizer varies greatly in different fields in the production of cabbage. The blind application of nitrogen fertilizer is serious, the amount of potassium fertilizer is insufficient, the phenomenon of “heavy heavy elements, light and medium-sized elements†is widespread, the application period and methods are unreasonable, excessive irrigation Caused by the general waste water and fertilizer and other issues, put forward the following principles of fertilization: (1) rational application of organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer application should follow the principle of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium; (2) The distribution of fertilizers is mainly based on the basis of recovery; topdressing is mainly nitrogenous fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is rationally applied; (3) Note that calcium, boron, and other trace elements are properly sprayed from the rosette stage to the late stage of the ball to prevent “dry heartburnâ€, etc. The occurrence of diseases; (4) The acidity of vegetable fields should be properly applied lime and other acidic soil conditioners; (5) combined with high-yielding cultivation techniques, especially water-saving irrigation techniques, in order to give full play to the coupling effect of water and fertilizer and improve fertilizer utilization.
Fertilizer amount and method
(1) Basal fertilizer: One time application of high-quality farmyard fertilizer 2 square/mu. (2) Output levels above 6500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 18-20 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 8-10 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 12-14 kg/mu. (3) Production level 5500-6500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 15-18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 6-8 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 10-12 kg/mu. (4) Output level 4500-5500 kg/mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 13-15 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 4-6 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 8-10 kg/mu.
For the “gravity burned†serious lands in previous years, pay attention to nitrogen control and calcium supplementation, and apply 0.3%-0.5% CaCl2 solution or calcium nitrate solution from the rosette stage to the later stage of the ball 2-3 times; When the garden soil pH is less than 5, 100-150 kg of quick lime should be applied per acre; when the soil pH is less than 4.5, lime (applicable before site preparation) should be applied to 150-200 kg per acre. For boron-depleted plots, borax 0.5-1 kg/mu can be applied, or foliar spray 0.2%-0.3% borax solution 2-3 times. At the same time, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate may be sprayed for 2-3 times in combination with spraying to increase the net rate and commodity rate of cabbage. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer 30% -40% of the basic facilities, 60% -70% in the rosette stage and the early stage of the ball twice in the first application, phosphate fertilizer all as base fertilizer application or acupoint.
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