Although China's arable land area is less than 10% of the world's total, the amount of chemical fertilizer applied is close to 1/3 of the world total, which has become the main cause of agricultural non-point source pollution. In the season when the summer season was basically completed and the rice began to be top-dressed, this news about the excessive use of chemical fertilizers in China was circulated on some agricultural websites. The author interviewed this.
“The problem of oversupply of chemical fertilizers does exist. It leads to serious acidification of the soil. The most obvious is the increase of heavy metals in the soil. The organic matter is monotonous. In plain terms, it is soil malnutrition.†Researcher at Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Non-point source pollution control According to Shi Weiming, director of the Technology Research and Development Center, according to years of investigations on rice production areas, they found that the amount of nitrogen fertilizers in rice fields in China is 20% more than in Japan and South Korea, and the application rate is higher than in Thailand and Vietnam.
Compared with farmers who sporadically grow food, the large amount of fertilizer used by grain growers is less, because large households consider more about farming inputs. At present, large grain producers in Jiangsu each use one mus of rice for each acre, and 80 kg of urea are required. Farmers with sporadic grain production do not care much about agricultural inputs. Some urea is even used by large households, resulting in about 70% of nitrogen fertilizer. It has been used to increase both the agricultural production and agricultural non-point source pollution. After years of research by experts from the Institute of Soil Science, it is believed that a reasonable amount of urea is about 64 pounds per mu, and only a few areas in the Taihu Lake area can reach this standard.
Coarse grain usually refers to rice, wheat, corn, soybean and potato five crops other than the grain and bean crops. The main are: sorghum, millet, buckwheat (sweet buckwheat, buckwheat), oats (naked oats), barley, millet, barley millet, barley millet, grain amaranth and beans (kidney beans), mung beans, adzuki beans (adzuki beans, adzuki beans), broad beans, peas, cowpea, lentils (soldier beans), black beans and so on. It is characterized by short growing period, small planting area, special planting area, low yield, and generally contain rich nutrients. The ancient Chinese medicine book "Huangdi Neijing" records that "five grains are for raising, five fruits are for helping, five livestock are for benefiting, and five vegetables are for filling". Some trace elements, such as iron, magnesium, zinc and selenium, are more abundant in coarse grains than in refined grains. The value of these trace elements to human health is considerable. Coarse grains are also richer in potassium, calcium, vitamin E, folic acid and bioflavonoids than refined grains.
Whole Grains are rich in nutrients. Oats, for example, are rich in protein; Millet is rich in tryptophan and carotene. Beans are high in quality protein; Sorghum is rich in fatty acids and iron; Tubers contain carotene and vitamin C. In addition, coarse grain still has the effect of reducing weight. Such as corn also contains a lot of magnesium, magnesium can strengthen intestinal wall peristalsis, promote the excretion of body waste, is very beneficial to weight loss.
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